GreeniacsGuides
Recycling
Recycling Project
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Written by William Quinn
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| Tuesday, 05 July 2011 | ||||
Recycling ProjectTo get you even more excited about this project, did you know that the average American throws out 4.6 pounds of waste each day?2 That equals 251 million tons of trash per year. Furthermore, consider that Americans use 2.5 million plastic bottles every hour—86 percent of which become garbage or littler.3;4 Recycling is a great option compared to landfill disposal, but the recycling process uses a vast amount of energy. Additionally, plastic bottles cannot be recycled into plastic bottles, they become lower grade plastic to build new things like synthetic fiber.5 This is why straight waste reduction and diversion is the way to go! BENEFITS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT: Other than the enormous environmental benefits of diverting waste and constructing a structure without concrete, this project will help spread waste diversion awareness while bringing your community together to learn and bond. Time: A full-size cob bench can be a lot of work. If you have a truly dedicated crew, this project can be completed in a weekend. However, don’t be surprised if it stretches over to several weekends before it is totally complete. Cost: Labor is definitely the largest cost associated with this project. You will need to get your hands on soil with a high clay content, straw, and “urbanite” (reclaimed, recycled concrete from the demolition of roads, buildings, and sidewalks).6 You could just use stones for the base of your bench, but using reclaimed materials such as urbanite is more fun and sends a stronger message. You should not be purchasing any plastic bottles or waste for this project, that would defeat the entire purpose, but your community will need to do months of collecting to get an adequate supply for your structure. Step 1: Portable landfill devices (PLDs) aka “bottle bricks” Your community needs to collect hundreds of plastic bottles for this project to be a success. It may be easier if they are the same size, but this is not vital. Make sure the bottle is completely dry before stuffing it with waste, and remember to keep track of the caps. You will also need to collect plastic bags, chip bags, Styrofoam, broken rubber bands, and any other trash that is dry and compactable. Make sure the trash is free of all moisture and food remains, then start packing away! A 20 ounce plastic bottle can hold 26 chip bags!7 Use a stick or wooden tool to pack the bottle brick with trash, until every portion is solid and you cannot fit any more waste into the bottle. Creating hundreds of bottle bricks can obviously be a long process. That is why community support and coordination is crucial to this project’s success. If you can get 30 households making bottle bricks from their waste, then you will have enough PLDs, or “bottle bricks,” for construction in no time, and think of all the waste you are diverting!
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Step 2: The foundation Like most construction projects, you need to pick a level location that appears to have good drainage. Make sure to also choose a spot where you will enjoy sprawling out on your new cob bench, and that will be a convenient community-gathering locale. Use rocks or urbanite to trace out the shape of your bench. Then fill the enclosed perimeter with gravel. The gravel keeps the cob from touching the ground. Once your cob is dry, you do not want it to get wet again, so preparing a proper foundation is extremely important.9
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Step 3: Earthbags Earthbag construction is an easy construction technique that evolved out of “historic military bunker construction techniques” and flood control methods.11 You fill sturdy sacks with soil you have on site, then stack them to make a rough structure. This is the core of the structure, so it should be solid and compact. Use a tamping tool to pack the bags down into place. The Domes’ bench also had vertical bamboo pillars added at this stage, in anticipation of building a roof to keep the bench dry.
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Step 4: The Cob Cob is a great building material made out of sand, clay, straw, water, and earth. See a great cob tutorial here: How to Build a Cob Oven
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Step 5: Cob coating You now get to coat the outside of your bench with the cob. Pack it on well, and make sure to fill in all of the cracks so it is structurally sound. This can be a long process, so the more people packing, the better. Also consider the design of your bench at this stage, because once the cob is packed down, you cannot go back. The Domes’ bench incorporated the PLDs into the back of their bench, between a bamboo framework. Small windows were also installed at the end so future generations could peer in to see the PLDs trapped inside. Overall, with the help of 300 students volunteering their time, the Domes’ bench contains 160 bottles with over 80 lbs of student trash!15 16 17
Step 6: Sealing or covering Let your cob dry thoroughly, you will then need to decide how you will keep it dry for the years to come. You could seal it with oils, or build a protective covering to keep it dry.18 This is an amazing cob-building handbook that you should consider for future cob projects as well: weblife.org. Takeaway and acknowledgements Earthen structures that incorporate diverted waste, such as this cob bench, are an enormous testament to the potential of sustainable structures on a localized scale. This project taught hundreds of students the value of waste diversion and community supported sustainability. You should definitely consider a similar project in your community. It is an amazing way to bring people together, spread awareness for a pressing environmental issue, and end-up with a sweet bench that if properly maintained could last for hundreds of years. Finally, I’d like to give a special thanks to Brennan Blazer Bird, a former Domes resident, for organizing and leading this amazing community project. Your dedication to sustainable living is visible in everything you do and this bench will remain a public reminder of your dedication to the environment.
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1 The “Domes” are slated to be removed at the end of this academic year by Student Housing, to voice your opposition: http://daviswiki.org/the_domes. 2 http://www.cleanair.org/Waste/wasteFacts.html 3 http://www.smartplanet.com/blog/smart-takes/infographic-americans -throw-away-25-million-plastic-bottles-every-hour/9309 4 http://www.melc.us/workshops/pld_workshop.htm 5 Id. 6 http://blog.sustainablog.org/the-recycled-post-industrial-green-building-material-urbanite/ 7 http://www.bottlebrick.com/ 8 http://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=111698648918038 &set=a.110288102392426.24763.110284955726074&type=1 9 http://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=111699675584602&set=a.110288102392426. 24763.110284955726074&type=1&pid=118318&id=110284955726074 10 Id. 11 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthbag_construction 12 http://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=111700022251234&set=a.110288102392426. 24763.110284955726074&type=1&pid=118324&id=110284955726074 13 http://weblife.org/cob/cob_049.html 14 http://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=111698938918009&set=a.110288102392426. 24763.110284955726074&type=1&pid=118310&id=110284955726074 15 http://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=110288115725758&set=a.110288102392426. 24763.110284955726074&type=1&pid=106293&id=110284955726074 16 Id. 17 http://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=111698932251343&set=a.110288102392426. 24763.110284955726074&type=1&pid=118309&id=110284955726074 18 http://www.weblife.org/cob/cob_040.html#sealing 19 http://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=111700415584528&set=a.110288102392426. 24763.110284955726074&type=1&pid=118327&id=110284955726074
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| Last Updated ( Tuesday, 05 July 2011 ) | ||||
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Green Facts
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Recycling 100 million cell phones can save enough energy to power 18,500 homes in the U.S. for a year.
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Washing your clothes in cold or warm instead of hot water saves 500 pounds of carbon dioxide a year, and drying your clothes on a clothesline six months out of the year would save another 700 pounds.
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Turning off the tap when brushing your teeth can save as much as 10 gallons a day per person.
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You will save 300 pounds of carbon dioxide for every 10,000 miles you drive if you always keep your car’s tires fully inflated.
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Nudge your thermostat up two degrees in the summer and down two degrees in the winter to prevent 2,000 pounds of carbon dioxide from entering the atmosphere.
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A single quart of motor oil, if disposed of improperly, can contaminate up to 2,000,000 gallons of fresh water.
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Americans throw away enough aluminum to rebuild our entire commercial fleet of airplanes every 3 months
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Less than 1% of electricity in the United States is generated from solar power.
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A tree that provides a home with shade from the sun can reduce the energy required to run the air conditioner and save an additional 200 to 2,000 pounds of carbon over its lifetime.
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In the United States, automobiles produce over 20 percent of total carbon emissions. Walk or bike and you'll save one pound of carbon for every mile you travel.
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You’ll save two pounds of carbon for every 20 glass bottles that you recycle.
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Refrigerators built in 1975 used 4 times more energy than current models.
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Plastic bags and other plastic garbage thrown into the ocean kill as many as 1,000,000 sea creatures every year.
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82 percent of greenhouse gas emissions in the U.S. come from burning fossil fuels.
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Recycling for one year at Stanford University saved the equivalent of 33,913 trees and the need for 636 tons of iron ore, coal, and limestone.
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In California homes, about 10% of energy usage is related to TVs, DVRs, cable and satellite boxes, and DVD players.
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Americans use 100 million tin and steel cans every day.
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Rainforests are being cut down at the rate of 100 acres per minute.
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An aluminum can that is thrown away instead of recycled will still be a can 500 years from now!
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States with bottle deposit laws have 35-40% less litter by volume.
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Recycling aluminum saves 95% of the energy used to make the material from scratch.
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Due to tiger poaching, habitat destruction, and other human-tiger conflicts, tigers now number around 3,200—a decrease in population by about 70% from 100 years ago.
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For every 38,000 bills consumers pay online instead of by mail, 5,058 pounds of greenhouse gases are avoided and two tons of trees are preserved.
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A steel mill using recycled scrap reduces related water pollution, air pollution, and mining wastes by about 70%.
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It takes 6,000,000 trees to make 1 year's worth of tissues for the world.
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A laptop consumes five times less electricity than a desktop computer.
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If every U.S. household turned the thermostat down by 10 degrees for seven hours each night during the cold months, and seven hours each weekday, it would prevent nearly gas emissions.
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Current sea ice levels are at least 47% lower than they were in 1979.
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The World Health Organization estimates that 2 million people die prematurely worldwide every year due to air pollution.
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Americans throw away more than 120 million cell phones each year, which contribute 60,000 tons of waste to landfills annually.
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Shaving 10 miles off of your weekly driving pattern can eliminate about 500 pounds of carbon dioxide emissions a year.
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One recycled aluminum can will save enough energy to run a 100-watt bulb for 20 hours, a computer for 3 hours, or a TV for 2 hours.
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You will save 100 pounds of carbon for each incandescent bulb that you replace with a compact fluorescent bulb (CFL), over the life of the bulb.
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Bamboo absorbs 35% more carbon dioxide than equivalent stands of trees.
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77% of people who commute to work by car drive alone.
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Every week about 20 species of plants and animals become extinct.
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American workers spend an average of 47 hours per year commuting through rush hour traffic. This adds up to 23 billion gallons of gas wasted in traffic each year.
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Recycling 1 million laptop computers can save the amount of energy used by 3,657 homes in the U.S. over the course of a year.
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Glass can be recycled over and over again without ever wearing down.


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